The Color-Doppler ultrasound introduced a new point of view in all ocular
vasculopathies, thus the diabetic retinopathy [DR] can be studied based in the
alterations in the ocular flux, currently DR is studied by scanning laser system, but this
technique only permit us to view the intra retinal flux changes, but not the changes
which succeed in choroid or in retro ocular vessels, which Color-Doppler ultrasound
permit us to observe with an easy noninvasive examination. Furthermore the Color-
Doppler echography is useful in patients with a decrease of vascular flux due to carotid
insufficiency. Other pathologies as intraocular venous occlusions or arterial embolism
produce typical signs in Color-Doppler echography. In this chapter we describe the
basis of Color-Doppler examination for ocular vessels, the normal values for each
vessel [ophthalmic artery or veins, central artery and vein, and for ciliary vessels], and
the typical alterations observed in each vascular pathology.
Keywords: Color-Doppler ultrasound, diabetic retinopathy, central artery
occlusions, venous retinal occlusions, anterior segment ischemia, posterior segment
ischemia.
