Natural bioresources refers to all kinds of naturally occurring resources of
biological origin. Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to the diversity of any kind
of living organisms that exists in that particular area, region and country or on the earth.
The North Eastern region of India comprises of the states of Arunachal Pradesh,
Sikkim, Mizoram, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura. This region of
India is rich in biodiversity due to high rainfall and plenty of sunlight. This region can
be addressed as the geographical ‘gateway’ for endemic flora as well as fauna. This area
is one of the richest biomes of the world, endowed with a wide range of ecological
conditions ranging from low lying areas of Assam to Kanchenzanga of Sikkim. The
North East India represents a wide range of forests ranging from tropical to sub –
tropical, temperate to alpine regions. Forests of this region consist of a huge number of
endemic plants and animals. Two UNESCO World heritage sites namely, Kaziranga
and Manas are also located in the North East belt (Report UNEP World Conservation
Monitoring Centre, UK). However, the valuable resources of this part of the country is
depleting at an alarming rate due to unavoidable human activities, colonization,
urbanization, agriculture, mining, transport, and technology. The natural hazards like
floods, landslides are also adding to the loss of biodiversity. The conservation of the
resources and their proper utilization with the modern techniques have long been
realized in the region and it still requires scientific intervention and concerted efforts to
ensure sustainable use of these resources and livelihood security.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, antimicrobial activity, biodiversity,
bioresources, botanical garden, deforestation, endangered, endemism, fauna, flora,
hotspots, medicinal plants, microorganisms, natural calamities, North East India,
poaching, pollution, rainforest, sericulture, silkworm, sustainable utilization.
