Hypotonia in infants and children can be a confusing clinical presentation, which often leads to
unnecessary investigations. Stepwise and accurate assessment is very important to reach the correct
diagnosis. Although specific treatments are not always available, accurate diagnosis is critical to predict the
clinical course, associated manifestations, complications, prognosis, and provide genetic counseling. In this
chapter, I present a concise clinical approach for evaluating the hypotonic infant. Some practical tips and
skills are discussed to improve the likelihood of obtaining accurate diagnosis.
Keywords: Infant, Hypotonia, Weakness, Myopathy, Dystrophy, Fasiculations, Areflexia, EMG, Muscle
biopsy, Rehabilitation.
