Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. It is characterized by the accelerated
death of retinal ganglion cells and is presented as progressive functional damage in the visual field. Disease
detection is dependent on the clinical capabilities of the eye care provider identifying structural changes in the
retina and optic nerve head region compatible with glaucoma. The first-line diagnostic tools for identifying
glaucoma are clinical examination with direct or indirect ophthalmoscopy and/or stereoscopic optic nerve head
photographs. Unfortunately, these tools are prone to high intra- and inter-observer variability. A number of
imaging devices have been incorporated into clinical practice with the goal of early detection and quantification
of structural glaucomatous changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head. One of the commercially
available glaucoma imaging devices is optical coherence tomography (OCT).OCT generates cross-sectional and
three-dimensional images of retinal structures.Its application in glaucoma diagnostics and monitoring will be
discussed in this chapter.
Keywords: Spectral domain, time domain, optical coherence tomography, retinal nerve fibre layer, resolution, glaucoma
diagnosis, glaucoma progression, glaucoma monitoring, optic nerve head, peripapillary area, macula, pre-perimetric glaucoma,
imaging, retina, laser.
