The ectoparasites that affect the skin, such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, are
integumentary parasites. Diseases spread by various ectoparasites are distinguished by
their distinctive morphology, while symptoms are caused by interactions between the
parasite and the host. Parasites from outside the body eat bodily surface tissues like
skin, blood, and hair. Ectoparasite wounds, as well as skin irritation, cause animal
discomfort and irritability and function as an attractant for myiasis by blood-sucking
flies. As they impair animal health, growth, and productivity, these ectoparasites have a
substantial economic impact on goat farmers. In general, it is impossible to effectively
handle infected livestock. Since there is a strong correlation between the climate,
management techniques, and the prevalence of ectoparasitism in animals, it is
imperative that biological control agents rather than chemical treatments should be
used to control flies.
Keywords: Biological control, Ectoparasites, Integumentary parasites, Mites, Ticks.
