The concept of the environment is multifaceted and encompasses a complex
interplay of physical, chemical, and biotic elements that sustain life. This chapter
explores the diverse dimensions of the environment, encompassing the atmosphere,
hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. It emphasizes the interdependence between
humans and the environment, highlighting the crucial role the environment plays in
shaping various aspects of human life. The environment is not solely the natural world
but also includes the built environment and cultural creations. The chapter delves into
environmental degradation, emphasizing the threefold interaction humans have with
the world—living off, in, and with the world. Human activities, such as resource
extraction, habitat alteration, and waste generation, contribute to environmental
degradation, disrupting ecosystems and posing threats to sustainable development.
Unequal distribution of environmental consequences, often disproportionately affecting
the impoverished, is also discussed.
Population growth, pollution, deforestation, desertification, and ozone depletion are
identified as major contributors to environmental degradation. The chapter discusses
the interconnected challenges posed by resource depletion, waste disposal, and
urbanization. It calls for a conscious shift towards sustainable practices in science,
technology, and population management to mitigate environmental degradation's farreaching impacts on human health, quality of life, and overall well-being. Recognizing
the environment's intrinsic value and fostering harmony with the natural world are
emphasized as imperative steps in achieving global environmental sustainability. The
chapter underscores the urgent need for responsible environmental stewardship,
emphasizing that sustainable development hinges on safeguarding the environment
Keywords: Deforestation, Environment, Environmental degradation, Environmental stewardship, Interdependence, Pollution, Population growth, Sustainable development, Urbanization, Unequal distribution.
