The scarcity of natural stocks of fossil fuels and the rising pollutant ions
evolved from the burning of carbon-containing fuels, has triggered the necessity for
clean, renewable, and sustainable energies to be generated and its subsequent storage in
portable form to meet the on-demand consumption. However, the performances of
storage materials are still limited for extensive real-world applications due to their
sluggish ion diffusion kinetics, lack of efficiency in extreme weather conditions, poor
chemical stability, and many more. Therefore, it is highly requisite to discuss the
development and assess the performances of new advanced energy storage materials. In
this chapter, we are specifically keen to discuss the design, synthesis, chemistry, and
properties of various MOFs based electrode materials for energy storage devices like
batteries and supercapacitors, which can necessarily store electrical energies by
implementing the use of suitable electrode and electrolyte materials through an upright
fabrication technique. Generally, MOFs contain both inorganic metal ions and organic
ligands/linkers which enable great control over their structural and compositional
modifications to optimize the properties like porosity, stability, surface area, redox
activity, and electrical conductivity and show great promise to generate high energy
storage performances, in the recent past. However, despite the current success, MOFs
based electrode materials have faced a lot of challenges in terms of the choice of
suitable metals and organic ligand moieties, rich host-guest interactions, preparation of
composites with desired morphology and properties, control over composite
composition, scalability of the process and many more which needs to be addressed for
its full-proof use in the real-world application as energy storage materials and thusly,
this chapter is important to discuss.
Keywords: Active Sites, Batteries, Compositional flexibility, Composites, Conductivity, Electrochemical performances, Efficiency, Durability, Energy Storage, Functionality, Hydrothermal, MOFs, Metal nodes, Organic ligands, Porosity, Physicochemical properties, Power density, Secondary building units, Surface area, Supercapacitors.
