The use of optosensors and optrodes has shown high potential for targeted
and controlled light emission delivery, as recorded from confined real sample volumes
for different applications. In this way, we could stimulate the chromophores of
biostructures incorporated in different tissues. It should be noted that different types of
signaling could be recorded in vivo, such as electrophysiology, fluorescence signaling
incorporating fluorescent reporters or an accurate excitation of fluorescent
biostructures. In this chapter, different components for the fabrication of these types of
reduced sized sensors are being reviewed, from the development of metamaterials to
the modification of optical fibers, waveguides and use of light emitting devices
(LEDs). The versatility of these sensors with respect to the design of injectable and
implantable devices is also shown.
Keywords: Controlled light delivery, Electrophysiology tracking, Non-classical
light recording, Optogenetics, Optrodes, Optosensors.
