As a result of new emerging pathological conditions, new microorganisms
have set a challenge in front of the researchers for the development of treatment and
vaccination strategies. In the area of vaccine development, new effects have been made
to invent new vaccines and also to improve the efficacy of the currently available
vaccines. A wide variety of vaccines have been developed from killed whole
organisms, subunits and RNA or DNA fractions. To overcome the side effects of these
vaccines, nanoparticles may carry the payload and deliver them on the target site. The
nanoparticles have the potential to improve the efficacy of these antigens and reduce
the side effects to a large extent . These nanoparticles should have the ability of safe
delivery of the antigens, protect them from degradation, control release and
biocompatible. In this study, we intended to discuss different characteristics of the
nanoparticles along with their properties and the variety of payloads for
immunstimulation.
Keywords: AIDS, Calcium phosphate, Carbon nanoparticle, Chitosan
nanoparticle, Cytokines, DNA, Gold nanoparticle, Hydrophobicity,
Immunstimulator, Inorganic nanoconjugate, Liposomal nanoparticle,
Nanotechnology, Nucleic acid, Organic nanoconjugate, Polymeric nanoconjugate,
RNA, Silica nanoparticle, Surface charge, Surface modification, Toll like
receptors, Tuberculosis.
