In a reaction turbine, the runner utilizes both potential and kinetic energies.
As flows through the stationary part of the turbine, the whole of its pressure energy is
not transformed into kinetic energy and when the water flows through the moving
parts, there is a change both in pressure and in the direction and velocity of flow of
water. As the water gives up its energy to the runner, both its pressure and absolute
velocity were reduced. The water, which acts on the runner blades is under a pressure
above atmospheric and the runner passages are always completely filled with water.
The important reaction turbines are Francis and Kaplan which are discussed in this
chapter according to their specification related to hydro–electric power plant. Theory
for each type presented with sort notes and solved problems.
Keywords: Draft Tube, Flowrate through Reaction Turbine, Net Head, Reaction
Turbine, Supply and discharge systems, Velocity Triangle.
