Natural products broadly incorporate plant-based product as well as marine,
plants, microorganisms and minerals. There are several animal products that are also
consumed by humans as a food health supplement and also medicine. Herbal products
have a variety of phytocompounds. . The identification of these molecules is essential
for standardization and quality control of the herbal products. The world wide variety
of plants and their species have been identified and i.e. 250000. Morphological and
chemical constituents of plant species vary from one ethnic group to another.
Humidity, temperature and altitude soil conditions are all responsible for both
structural and functional characteristics of the natural products. Therefore
standardization and quality control are the big challenges before using natural products.
Heavy metal toxicity, microbial load and aflotoxin are the major and important
parameters of evaluation of the safety profile of the natural products. Therefore, before
using the natural product, we should characterized the structural variation to establish
structural and functional relationships. In the present paper, some of the experimental
models have been described, which will be useful in the preparation of standard plant
based products.In order to provide standard product, some important experimental
methods have been described in this paper. Herbal medicinal products have a wide
scope of assorted variety of multidimensional synthetic structures; in the ongoing
occasions, the utility of normal items as natural capacity modifiers has impressive
consideration. The botanical study evaluated the identification of 250,000 to 350,000
plant species over the planet. Notwithstanding, only around 35,000 species have been
utilized in various networks of the world for the treatment of different infirmities.
Nonetheless, this exceptional fortune needs exhaustive consideration as far as
biological and pharmacological screening to serve humankind against different
diseases. The traditional system of treatment, varying in idea and convention,
represents well-created frameworks, for example, Allopathic, Homeopathic, Ayurvedic and Chinese system of treatment. A large portion of the enlightened countries has built
up their own Materia Medica, assembling insights concerning different plants utilized
for remedial purposes. This chapteris focused on the diverse pharmacological screening
techniques with point by point illustration of genuine biological investigations that are
useful to discover new bioactive phytochemicals in antidiabetic, analgesic,antiinflammatory,
neuroprotective, anti-obesity, and depression disorders and so on.
Preclinical study is strictly required to follow CPCSEA guideline into the
pharmacological practical.This chapter provides essential knowledge of practical
features of the experimental Screening pharmacology right from laboratory animal
handling, the important techniques and methodology used in experimental
pharmacology. The experimental procedure described in this chapter is planned on the
basis of strong technical materials and personal knowledge in hands-on experiments
under the guidance of renowned personalities. This chapter is arranged to understand
the experimental animal handling techniques by witnessing the induction experiments.
These experimental procedures will be helpful for graduates and postgraduates students
associated with pharmacology, toxicology and researcher. Simple and newer animal
models have been combined, which may help the students to occupy in new drug
development activities. Also, some important points have been conferred e.g. ethics of
animal experimentation, blood collection techniques, euthanasia, animal care and
handling.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory Activity, Antidiabetic Activity, Anti-Obesity,
Bio-Logical Approach, Drug Discovery, Herbal Medicinal Products, Neuropharmacology,
Pharmacological Evaluation.
