The cytoskeleton is composed of intracellular structures that maintain cell
shape, interconnect organelles to each other, often attached to the cell membrane and is
involved in signaling pathways. Sex steroids are effective regulators of cell
morphology and recent evidence indicates that it is obtained through the regulation of
the actin cytoskeleton. Intriguingly, evidence implicates the actin cytoskeleton as both
a sensor and mediator of apoptosis. Since it has been shown that sex hormones
affect/regulate the cellular cytoskeleton, the aim of the present chapter is to discuss the
molecular mechanism and targets, related to cytoskeleton, where sex steroids act and
modulate the apoptotic process and in consequence the cellular lifespan.
Keywords: Actin, Cytoskeleton, Signalling Pathways.
