Nerve injuries either peripheral or central are extremely frequent in clinical
practice. The impairment of sensory and motor functions may have distressing effects
on the social and professional activities of these patients, most of whom are young and
may acquire life-long disabilities. The extent of disability and patient suffering after
Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI), as well as the high cost of care, continues to motivate
research into effective interventions. Nerve surgery is aimed at motor and sensory
reinnervation, but often a deficit in the functionality remains. As cell therapy and tissue
engineering have been receiving a great deal of attention in recent decades, and are
widely used in different areas, Therefore, the utilization of bone marrow aspirate
concentrate in peripheral nerve repair techniques as well as after spinal cord injury is
tried in order to optimize the regeneration process. In this chapter, we will discuss the
evidence in the literature regarding the clinical and experimental application of bone
marrow aspirate concentrate as a major source of mesenchymal stem cells in treatment
of peripheral nerve and spinal cord injuries.
Keywords: Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC), Expanded stem cells,
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), Nerve Injury, Spinal cord injury, Spinal cord
transection.
