Stem cells have attracted great interest of biomedical scientists and
clinicians due to their unique abilities of self-renewal and multipotential differentiation.
With the most current technologies, stem cells have been isolated from almost all types
of tissue, including embryonic stem cells, somatic stem cells, and induced pluripotent
stem cells. The mechanisms of cells behavior have been fully studied. In combination
with tissue engineering skills, stem cells have been investigated in a better environment
by simulating the three-dimensional environment. However, the long-term safety and
efficiency of stem cell-based outcomes should be further evaluated prior to any clinical
application.
Keywords: Dental stem cells, Embryonic stem cells, Induced pluripotent stemcells, Stem cells, Somatic stem cells.