Title:Surface Binding of Toxins and Heavy Metals by Probiotics
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Author(s): Alaleh Zoghi, Kianoush Khosravi-Darani and Sara Sohrabvandi
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Cyanotoxins, decontamination, heavy metals, mycotoxins, probiotic bacteria.
Abstract: Removal of toxic metals and toxins using microbial biomass has been introduced as an inexpensive, new
promising method on top of conventional methods for decontamination of food, raw material and concentrated. In this
article the potential application of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts as the most familiar probiotics to eliminate, inactivate or
reduce bioavailability of contamination in foods and feed has been reviewed. After fast glance to beneficial health effects
and preservative properties of lactic acid bacteria, the mechanisms which explain antibacterial and antifungal efficiency as
well as their antifungal metabolites are mentioned. Then the article has been focused on potential application of single
strain or combination of lactic acid bacteria for removal of heavy metals (copper, lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic),
cyanotoxins (microcystin-LR, -RR, -LF) and mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, B2, B2a, M1, M2, G1, G2, patulin, ochratoxin A,
deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1 and B2, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol, fusarenon, nivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol,
HT-2 and T-2 toxin, zearalenone and its derivative, etc) from aqueous solutions in vitro. Wherever possible the
mechanism of decontamination and the factors influencing yield of removal are discussed. Some factors which can
facilitate metal removal capacity of lactic acid bacteria including the strains, surface charge, pH, temperature, presence of
other cations are introduced. The cell wall structure of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts are also introduced for further
explanation of mechanism of action in complex binding of probiotic to contaminants and strength of mycotoxin–
bacterium interaction.
