Title:A Systematic Review of the Novel Targeted Immunobiological Medications in
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Efficacy, Safety, and Innovation
Volume: 5
Author(s): Sepideh Parchami Ghazaee*, Kateryna Marchenko-Tolsta, Petro Sereda, Murtaza Hameed and Sandra Lane
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Kyiv Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Keywords:
Targeted immunobiology, Rheumatoid arthritis, Autoimmune disease, Bioactive compounds, Efficacy, Safety.
Abstract:
Introduction:
Over the last half-century, the treatment and management of autoimmune rheumatic diseases have progressively improved, particularly with the
contribution of immunobiological or biological therapies known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Although these agents have been
generally efficient in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), some patients experience limited efficacy and non-responsiveness to treatment.
In addition, they may cause adverse clinical effects, further aggravating the disease.
Objectives:
Despite advancements in biological therapies, significant clinical needs persist. This review aims to discuss novel treatments, guiding future
guidelines and drug discoveries for rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods:
This review follows the 2020 PRISMA statement, utilising PubMed and Google Scholar for literature search and emphasizing recent meta-analyses
on the safety and efficacy of targeted immunobiological medications.
Results:
Small molecule inhibitors, whether utilised independently or in conjunction with Methotrexate, have been shown to contribute to effective disease
management and have the potential for better adherence to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Tocilizumab therapy demonstrates a
significant reduction in disease activity and improves rates of disease remission when combined with Methotrexate. Investigations of mesenchymal
stromal cell therapies have had promising outcomes, improving both cartilage quality (as evaluated by Macroscopic Cartilage Repair Assessment)
and joint tenderness and swelling in clinical joint counts. Intra-articular administration of tolerogenic dendritic cells has displayed a capacity to
alleviate pain, as measured by Visual Analog Scale scores, and enhance the Disease Activity Score across 28 joints. Resveratrol capsules
supplemented with allopathic therapy show potential in reducing TNF-α and interleukin-6 serum levels.
Conclusion:
More investigations and their analysis will improve patient outcomes and reduce adverse effects and the costs involved in developing and obtaining
immunobiological drugs. Moreover, assessing the safety and efficacy of anti-RA properties of the bioactive compounds could offer less toxic and
more cost-effective natural treatment options.
