Title:The Neuroanatomy, Etiopathogenesis, and Novel Therapeutic Targets in
Depressive Disorders
Volume: 12
Author(s): Indu Arora, Kunal Khurana and Manish Kumar*
Affiliation:
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
Keywords:
Major depressive disorder, bipolar disorders, etiopathogenesis, neurotrophic, novel antidepressants, monoamine, neurobiology, treatment.
Abstract: Depression has a high prevalence and associated comorbidities. It is still unknown what
the molecular basis of depression is, regardless of many theories that have been put up to explain it.
Many researchers investigate that present-day therapies for depression are ineffective due to their
low efficacy, delayed onset of action (typically two weeks), and adverse effects. Novel medications
that operate more quickly and effectively are thus needed. Several novel molecules (e.g., ketamine,
buprenorphine) have been proven to produce quick and dependable antidepressant benefits in depressive
patients who are resistant to treatment; yet, questions about their effectiveness, possible
abuse, and adverse effects persist. The molecular basis and pharmacological interventions for depression
were included in this study. Even if pharmaceutical treatments for depression have mostly
failed to alleviate the condition, identifying and addressing possible risk factors in an effort to reduce
the prevalence of this psychiatric disease is beneficial for public health. We emphasized the
neuroanatomy and etiopathogenesis of depression, along with a discussion of the putative pharmacological
mechanisms, novel targets, research hurdles, and prospective therapeutic futures.
