Title:Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Six-Membered N-Heterocycles
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Author(s): Monika Kamboj*, Sangeeta Bajpai, Garima Pandey, Monika Yadav and Bimal K. Banik
Affiliation:
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, 226028, U.P., India
Keywords:
Microwave irradiation, Heterocycles, six-membered, pyridine, isoquinoline, pyrimidine, and quinolone.
Abstract: One of the most efficient non-conventional heating methods is microwave irradiation.
In organic synthesis, microwave irradiation has become a popular heating technique as it enhances
product yields and purities, reduces reaction time from hours to minutes, and decreases unwanted
side reactions. Microwave-assisted organic synthesis utilizes dielectric volumetric heating as an
alternative activation method, which results in rapid and more selective transformations because
of the uniform heat distribution. Heterocyclic compounds have a profound role in the drug discovery
and development process along with their applications as agrochemicals, fungicides, herbicides,
etc., making them the most prevalent form of biologically relevant molecules. Hence, enormous
efforts have been made to flourish green routes for their high-yielding synthesis under microwave
irradiation as a sustainable tool. Among the different clinical applications, heterocyclic
compounds have received considerable attention as anti-cancer agents. Heterocyclic moieties have
always been core parts of the development of anti-cancer drugs, including market-selling drugs,
i.e., 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, methotrexate, daunorubicin, etc., and natural alkaloids, such as
vinblastine and vincristine. In this review, we focus on the developments in the microwave-assisted
synthesis of heterocycles and the anti-cancer activities of particular heterocycles.
