A Mini-review on Helicobacter pylori with Gastric Cancer and Available Treatments

Marshall, B.; Warren, J.R. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet, 1984, 323(8390), 1311-1315.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(84)91816-6] [PMID: 6145023]

Mégraud, F. A humble bacterium sweeps this year’s Nobel Prize. Cell, 2005, 123(6), 975-976.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.032] [PMID: 16360024]

Hooi, J.K.Y.; Lai, W.Y.; Ng, W.K.; Suen, M.M.Y.; Underwood, F.E.; Tanyingoh, D.; Malfertheiner, P.; Graham, D.Y.; Wong, V.W.S.; Wu, J.C.Y.; Chan, F.K.L.; Sung, J.J.Y.; Kaplan, G.G.; Ng, S.C. Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology, 2017, 153(2), 420-429.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.022] [PMID: 28456631]

Cancer IA for R on. Biological agents. IARC monogr eval carcinog risks hum 2012. Available from: https://www.cabdirect.org/globalhealth/abstract/20193171478 [cited 2023 Apr 23].

Morgan, E.; Arnold, M.; Camargo, M.C.; Gini, A.; Kunzmann, A.T.; Matsuda, T.; Meheus, F.; Verhoeven, R.H.A.; Vignat, J.; Laversanne, M.; Ferlay, J.; Soerjomataram, I. The current and future incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in 185 countries, 2020–40: A population-based modelling study. EClinicalMedicine, 2022, 47, 101404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101404] [PMID: 35497064]

Sukri, A.; Hanafiah, A.; Mohamad Zin, N.; Kosai, N.R. Epidemiology and role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors in gastric cancer carcinogenesis. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Suppl., 2020, 128(2), 150-161.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apm.13034] [PMID: 32352605]

Backert, S.; Neddermann, M.; Maubach, G.; Naumann, M. Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter, 2016, 21(Suppl. 1), 19-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12335] [PMID: 27531534]

Mezmale, L.; Coelho, L.G.; Bordin, D.; Leja, M. Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter, 2020, 25(Suppl. 1), e12734.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12734] [PMID: 32918344]

Pereira-Marques, J.; Ferreira, R.M.; Pinto-Ribeiro, I.; Figueiredo, C. Helicobacter pylori Infection, the Gastric Microbiome and Gastric Cancer; , 2019, pp. 195-210. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/5584_2019_366
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2019_366]

Safaralizadeh, R.; Dastmalchi, N.; Hosseinpourfeizi, M.; Latifi-Navid, S. Helicobacter pylori virulence factors in relation to gastrointestinal diseases in Iran. Microb. Pathog., 2017, 105, 211-217.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.02.026] [PMID: 28232251]

Toh, J.W.T.; Wilson, R.B. Pathways of gastric carcinogenesis, Helicobacter pylori virulence and interactions with antioxidant systems, vitamin c and phytochemicals. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020, 21(17), 6451.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176451] [PMID: 32899442]

Borka, B.R.; Meliț, L.E.; Mărginean, C.O. Worldwide prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Children (Basel), 2022, 9(9), 1359.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9091359] [PMID: 36138669]

Duan, M.; Li, Y.; Liu, J.; Zhang, W.; Dong, Y.; Han, Z.; Wan, M.; Lin, M.; Lin, B.; Kong, Q.; Ding, Y.; Yang, X.; Zuo, X.; Li, Y. Transmission routes and patterns of Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter, 2023, 28(1), e12945.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12945] [PMID: 36645421]

Sun, Y.; Zhang, J. Helicobacter pylori recrudescence and its influencing factors. J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2019, 23(12), 7919-7925.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14682] [PMID: 31536675]

Ito, N.; Tsujimoto, H.; Ueno, H.; Xie, Q.; Shinomiya, N. Helicobacter pylori-mediated immunity and signaling transduction in gastric cancer. J. Clin. Med., 2020, 9(11), 3699.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113699] [PMID: 33217986]

Krzyżek, P.; Grande, R.; Migdał, P.; Paluch, E.; Gościniak, G. Biofilm formation as a complex result of virulence and adaptive responses of Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens, 2020, 9(12), 1062.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121062] [PMID: 33353223]

Yang, D.C.; Blair, K.M.; Taylor, J.A.; Petersen, T.W.; Sessler, T.; Tull, C.M. A genome-wide Helicobacter pylori morphology screen uncovers a membrane-spanning helical cell shape complex. J. Bacteriol., 2019, 201(14), e007240.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00724-18]

Salama, N.R. Cell morphology as a virulence determinant: lessons from Helicobacter pylori. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2020, 54, 11-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2019.12.002] [PMID: 32014717]

Gasiorowski, E.; Auger, R.; Tian, X.; Hicham, S.; Ecobichon, C.; Roure, S. HupA, the main undecaprenyl pyrophosphate and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase in Helicobacter pylori is essential for colonization of the stomach. PLoS Pathog., 2019, 15(9), e1007972.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007972]

Scott, D.R.; Marcus, E.A.; Wen, Y.; Singh, S.; Feng, J.; Sachs, G. Cytoplasmic histidine kinase (HP0244)-regulated assembly of urease with UreI, a channel for urea and its metabolites, CO2, NH3, and NH4(+), is necessary for acid survival of Helicobacter pylori. J. Bacteriol., 2010, 192(1), 94-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00848-09] [PMID: 19854893]

Schoep, T.D.; Fulurija, A.; Good, F.; Lu, W.; Himbeck, R.P.; Schwan, C. Surface properties of Helicobacter pylori urease complex are essential for persistence. PLoS One, 2010, 5(11), e15042.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015042]

Baj, J.; Forma, A.; Sitarz, M.; Portincasa, P.; Garruti, G.; Krasowska, D.; Maciejewski, R. Helicobacter pylori virulence factors-mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity in the gastric microenvironment. Cells, 2020, 10(1), 27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10010027] [PMID: 33375694]

Fu, H.W.; Lai, Y.C. The role of Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein in the pathogenesis of H. pylori and beyond: From a virulence factor to therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2022, 24(1), 91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010091] [PMID: 36613542]

Wen, S.H.; Hong, Z.W.; Chen, C.C.; Chang, H.W.; Fu, H.W. Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein directly interacts with and activates toll-like receptor 2 to induce the secretion of interleukin-8 from neutrophils and atra-induced differentiated HL-60 cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(21), 11560.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111560] [PMID: 34768994]

Sáenz, J.B. Early Re“cag”nition: CagA-specific CD8+ T cells shape the immune response to Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology, 2023, 164(4), 520-521.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.024] [PMID: 36708789]

Suzuki, M.; Mimuro, H.; Kiga, K.; Fukumatsu, M.; Ishijima, N.; Morikawa, H.; Nagai, S.; Koyasu, S.; Gilman, R.H.; Kersulyte, D.; Berg, D.E.; Sasakawa, C. Helicobacter pylori CagA phosphorylation-independent function in epithelial proliferation and inflammation. Cell Host Microbe, 2009, 5(1), 23-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2008.11.010] [PMID: 19154985]

Khan, M.; Khan, S.; Ali, A.; Akbar, H.; Sayaf, A.M.; Khan, A.; Wei, D.Q. Immunoinformatics approaches to explore Helicobacter pylori proteome (Virulence Factors) to design B and T cell multi-epitope subunit vaccine. Sci. Rep., 2019, 9(1), 13321.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49354-z] [PMID: 31527719]

ClinicalTrials.gov. Comparison of vonoprazan-based versus lansoprazole-based triple therapy, high dose dual therapy, bismuth and non-bismuth quadruple therapy in the first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection., 2021. Available from: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04713670

ClinicalTrials.gov. Comparison between high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy and pylera quadruple therapy in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. 2021. Available from: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05100446

ClinicalTrials.gov. Screening strategy for gastric cancer prevention. 2022. Available from: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05387005

ClinicalTrials.gov. Pilot study of stomach cancer early detection and prevention with endoscopy. 2023. Available from: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05566899 [cited 2023 Apr 10].

Chen, X.X.; Chen, Y.X.; Han, X.B.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, L.F.; Liu, J.Y.; Shi, Y.Q. Efficacy and safety of berberine hydro-chloride, amoxicillin, and rabeprazole triple therapy in the first eradication of Helicobacter pylori. J. Dig. Diz., 2022, 23, 568-576.

ClinicalTrials.gov. Optimal tailored treatment for H. pylori infection according to the presence of DPO-PCR based clarithromycin resistance; , 2020. Available from: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04462133

Malfertheiner, P.; Megraud, F.; O’Morain, C.A.; Gisbert, J.P.; Kuipers, E.J.; Axon, A.T.; Bazzoli, F.; Gasbarrini, A.; Atherton, J.; Graham, D.Y.; Hunt, R.; Moayyedi, P.; Rokkas, T.; Rugge, M.; Selgrad, M.; Suerbaum, S.; Sugano, K.; El-Omar, E.M. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection—the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut, 2017, 66(1), 6-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288] [PMID: 27707777]

Nyssen, O.P.; Bordin, D.; Tepes, B.; Pérez-Aisa, Á.; Vaira, D.; Caldas, M.; Bujanda, L.; Castro-Fernandez, M.; Lerang, F.; Leja, M.; Rodrigo, L.; Rokkas, T.; Kupcinskas, L.; Pérez-Lasala, J.; Jonaitis, L.; Shvets, O.; Gasbarrini, A.; Simsek, H.; Axon, A.T.R.; Buzás, G.; Machado, J.C.; Niv, Y.; Boyanova, L.; Goldis, A.; Lamy, V.; Tonkic, A.; Przytulski, K.; Beglinger, C.; Venerito, M.; Bytzer, P.; Capelle, L.; Milosavljević, T.; Milivojevic, V.; Veijola, L.; Molina-Infante, J.; Vologzhanina, L.; Fadeenko, G.; Ariño, I.; Fiorini, G.; Garre, A.; Garrido, J.; F Pérez, C.; Puig, I.; Heluwaert, F.; Megraud, F.; O’Morain, C.; Gisbert, J.P. European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg): patterns and trends in first-line empirical eradication prescription and outcomes of 5 years and 21 533 patients. Gut, 2021, 70(1), 40-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321372] [PMID: 32958544]

Chey, W.D.; Leontiadis, G.I.; Howden, C.W.; Moss, S.F. ACG clinical guideline: treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2017, 112(2), 212-239.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.563] [PMID: 28071659]

Nyssen, O.P.; Perez-Aisa, A.; Castro-Fernandez, M.; Pellicano, R.; Huguet, J.M.; Rodrigo, L.; Ortuñ, J.; o; Gomez-Rodriguez, B.J.; Pinto, R.M.; Areia, M.; Perona, M.; Nuñez, O.; Romano, M.; Gravina, A.G.; Pozzati, L.; Fernandez-Bermejo, M.; Venerito, M.; Malfertheiner, P.; Fernanadez-Salazar, L.; Gasbarrini, A.; Vaira, D.; Puig, I.; Megraud, F.; O’Morain, C.; Gisbert, J.P. European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management: Single‐capsule bismuth quadruple therapy is effective in real‐world clinical practice. United European Gastroenterol. J., 2021, 9(1), 38-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050640620972615] [PMID: 33176617]

Rokkas, T.; Gisbert, J.P.; Malfertheiner, P.; Niv, Y.; Gasbarrini, A.; Leja, M.; Megraud, F.; O’Morain, C.; Graham, D.Y. Comparative effectiveness of multiple different first-line treatment regimens for helicobacter pylori infection: a network meta-analysis. Gastroenterology, 2021, 161(2), 495-507.e4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.04.012] [PMID: 33839101]

Suzuki, S.; Gotoda, T.; Kusano, C.; Iwatsuka, K.; Moriyama, M. The efficacy and tolerability of a triple therapy containing a potassium-competitive acid blocker compared with a 7-day ppi-based low-dose clarithromycin triple therapy. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2016, 111(7), 949-956.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.182] [PMID: 27185079]

Murakami, K.; Sakurai, Y.; Shiino, M.; Funao, N.; Nishimura, A.; Asaka, M. Vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, as a component of first-line and second-line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A phase III, randomised, double-blind study. Gut, 2016, 65(9), 1439-1446.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-311304] [PMID: 26935876]

Thung, I.; Aramin, H.; Vavinskaya, V.; Gupta, S.; Park, J.Y.; Crowe, S.E.; Valasek, M.A. Review article: The global emergence of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 2016, 43(4), 514-533.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.13497] [PMID: 26694080]

Gebreslassie, K.G.; Demoz, G.T.; Mahari, D.D. Primary resistance pattern of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics in adult population: A systematic review. Infect. Drug Resist., 2020, 13, 1567-1573.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S250200] [PMID: 32547126]

Yonezawa, H.; Osaki, T.; Kamiya, S. biofilm formation by helicobacter pylori and its involvement for antibiotic resistance. BioMed Res. Int., 2015, 2015, 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/914791] [PMID: 26078970]

Nishino, K.; Yamasaki, S.; Nakashima, R.; Zwama, M.; Hayashi-Nishino, M. Function and inhibitory mechanisms of multidrug efflux pumps. Front. Microbiol., 2021, 12, 737288.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737288] [PMID: 34925258]

Savoldi, A.; Carrara, E.; Graham, D.Y.; Conti, M.; Tacconelli, E. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori: A systematic review and meta-analysis in world health organization regions. Gastroenterology, 2018, 155(5), 1372-1382.e17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.007] [PMID: 29990487]

Gong, Y.; Yuan, Y. Resistance mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori and its dual target precise therapy. Crit. Rev. Microbiol., 2018, 44(3), 371-392.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2017.1418285] [PMID: 29293032]

Attaran, B.; Salehi, N.; Ghadiri, B.; Esmaeili, M.; Kalateh, S.; Tashakoripour, M.; Hosseini, M.; Mohammadi, M. The penicillin binding protein 1A of Helicobacter pylori, its amoxicillin binding site and access routes. Gut Pathog., 2021, 13(1), 43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00438-0] [PMID: 34183046]

Wang, J.; Xie, X.; Zhong, Z.; Yuan, H.; Xu, P.; Gao, H.; Lai, Y. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolates in Shanghai, China. Am. J. Transl. Res., 2022, 14(11), 7831-7841.
[PMID: 36505283]

Albasha, A.M.; Elnosh, M.M.; Osman, E.H.; Zeinalabdin, D.M.; Fadl, A.A.M.; Ali, M.A.; Altayb, H.N. Helicobacter pylori 23S rRNA gene A2142G, A2143G, T2182C, and C2195T mutations associated with clarithromycin resistance detected in Sudanese patients. BMC Microbiol., 2021, 21(1), 38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02096-3] [PMID: 33535966]

Cui, R.; Song, Z.; Suo, B.; Tian, X.; Xue, Y.; Meng, L.; Niu, Z.; Jin, Z.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, L. Correlation analysis among genotype resistance, phenotype resistance and eradication effect of Helicobacter pylori. Infect. Drug Resist., 2021, 14, 1747-1756.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S305996] [PMID: 34012273]

Martínez-Júlvez, M.; Rojas, A.L.; Olekhnovich, I.; Angarica, V.E.; Hoffman, P.S.; Sancho, J. Structure of RdxA-an oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase essential for metronidazole activation in Helicobacter pylori. FEBS J., 2012, 279(23), 4306-4317.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.12020] [PMID: 23039228]

Shetty, V.; Lamichhane, B.; Tay, C.Y.; Pai, G.C.; Lingadakai, R.; Balaraju, G.; Shetty, S.; Ballal, M.; Chua, E.G. High primary resistance to metronidazole and levofloxacin, and a moderate resistance to clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori isolated from Karnataka patients. Gut Pathog., 2019, 11(1), 21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-019-0305-x] [PMID: 31110563]

Lauener, F.; Imkamp, F.; Lehours, P.; Buissonnière, A.; Benejat, L.; Zbinden, R.; Keller, P.; Wagner, K. Genetic determinants and prediction of antibiotic resistance phenotypes in Helicobacter pylori. J. Clin. Med., 2019, 8(1), 53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010053] [PMID: 30621024]

Srisuphanunt, M.; Wilairatana, P.; Kooltheat, N.; Duangchan, T.; Katzenmeier, G.; Rose, J.B. Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and novel treatment strategies for Helicobacter pylori infections. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis., 2023, 8(3), 163.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8030163] [PMID: 36977164]

Hu, Y.; Zhang, M.; Lu, B.; Dai, J. Helicobacter pylori and antibiotic resistance, A continuing and intractable problem. Helicobacter, 2016, 21(5), 349-363.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12299] [PMID: 26822340]

Boyanova, L.; Hadzhiyski, P.; Kandilarov, N.; Markovska, R.; Mitov, I. Multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori: Current state and future directions. Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol., 2019, 12(9), 909-915.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2019.1654858] [PMID: 31424296]

Huang, J.Y.; Sweeney, E.; Guillemin, K.; Amieva, M.R. Multiple acid sensors control Helicobacter pylori colonization of the stomach. PLoS Pathog., 2017, 13(1), e1006118.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006118]

Madsen, J.S.; Burmølle, M.; Hansen, L.H.; Sørensen, S.J. The interconnection between biofilm formation and horizontal gene transfer. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 2012, 65(2), 183-195.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2012.00960.x] [PMID: 22444301]

Greene, C.; Vadlamudi, G.; Newton, D.; Foxman, B.; Xi, C. The influence of biofilm formation and multidrug resistance on environmental survival of clinical and environmental isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Am. J. Infect. Control, 2016, 44(5), e65-e71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.012] [PMID: 26851196]

Andersson, D.I.; Nicoloff, H.; Hjort, K. Mechanisms and clinical relevance of bacterial heteroresistance. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2019, 17(8), 479-496.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0218-1] [PMID: 31235888]

Ailloud, F.; Didelot, X.; Woltemate, S.; Pfaffinger, G.; Overmann, J.; Bader, R.C.; Schulz, C.; Malfertheiner, P.; Suerbaum, S. Within-host evolution of Helicobacter pylori shaped by niche-specific adaptation, intragastric migrations and selective sweeps. Nat. Commun., 2019, 10(1), 2273.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10050-1] [PMID: 31118420]

Sun, L.; Talarico, S.; Yao, L.; He, L.; Self, S.; You, Y. Droplet digital PCR-based detection of clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolates reveals frequent heteroresistance. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2018, 56(9), e00019.

Farzi, N.; Behzad, C.; Hasani, Z.; Alebouyeh, M.; Zojaji, H.; Zali, M.R. Characterization of clarithromycin heteroresistance among Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from the antrum and corpus of the stomach. Folia Microbiol., 2019, 64(2), 143-151.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12223-018-0637-9] [PMID: 30097895]

Kocsmár, É.; Kocsmár, I.; Buzás, G.M.; Szirtes, I.; Wacha, J.; Takáts, A.; Hritz, I.; Schaff, Z.; Rugge, M.; Fassan, M.; Kiss, A.; Lotz, G. Helicobacter pylori heteroresistance to clarithromycin in adults-New data by in situ detection and improved concept. Helicobacter, 2020, 25(1), e12670.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12670] [PMID: 31701608]

Rizvanov, A.A.; Haertlé, T.; Bogomolnaya, L.; Talebi Bezmin Abadi, A. Helicobacter pylori and its antibiotic heteroresistance: a neglected issue in published guidelines. Front. Microbiol., 2019, 10, 1796.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01796] [PMID: 31456763]

Tshibangu-Kabamba, E.; Ngoma-Kisoko, P.J.; Tuan, V.P.; Matsumoto, T.; Akada, J.; Kido, Y.; Tshimpi-Wola, A.; Tshiamala-Kashala, P.; Ahuka-Mundeke, S.; Mumba, N.D.; Disashi-Tumba, G.; Yamaoka, Y. Next-generation sequencing of the whole bacterial genome for tracking molecular insight into the broad-spectrum antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates from the democratic republic of congo. Microorganisms, 2020, 8(6), 887.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060887] [PMID: 32545318]

Maljkovic, B.I.; Melendrez, M.C.; Bishop-Lilly, K.A.; Rutvisuttinunt, W.; Pollett, S.; Talundzic, E. Next generation sequencing and bioinformatics methodologies for infectious disease research and public health: Approaches, applications, and considerations for development of laboratory capacity. J. Infect. Dis., 2020, 221(3), 5292-5307.

Hendriksen, R.S.; Bortolaia, V.; Tate, H.; Tyson, G.H.; Aarestrup, F.M.; McDermott, P.F. Using genomics to track global antimicrobial resistance. Front. Public Health, 2019, 7, 242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00242] [PMID: 31552211]

Gardy, J.L.; Loman, N.J. Towards a genomics-informed, real-time, global pathogen surveillance system. Nat. Rev. Genet., 2018, 19(1), 9-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg.2017.88] [PMID: 29129921]

Moss, E.L.; Maghini, D.G.; Bhatt, A.S. Complete, closed bacterial genomes from microbiomes using nanopore sequencing. Nat. Biotechnol., 2020, 38(6), 701-707.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41587-020-0422-6] [PMID: 32042169]

Su, M.; Satola, S.W.; Read, T.D. Genome-based prediction of bacterial antibiotic resistance. J Clin Microbiol, 2019, 57(3), e01405-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01405-18]

Vital, J.S.; Tanoeiro, L.; Lopes-Oliveira, R.; Vale, F.F. Biomarker characterization and prediction of virulence and antibiotic resistance from Helicobacter pylori next generation sequencing data. Biomolecules, 2022, 12(5), 691.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050691] [PMID: 35625618]

Slatko, B.E.; Gardner, A.F.; Ausubel, F.M. Overview of next‐generation sequencing technologies. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol., 2018, 122(1), e59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpmb.59] [PMID: 29851291]

Tshibangu-Kabamba, E.; Yamaoka, Y. Helicobacter pylori infection and antibiotic resistance — from biology to clinical implications. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2021, 18(9), 613-629.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41575-021-00449-x] [PMID: 34002081]

Godavarthy, P.K.; Puli, C. From antibiotic resistance to antibiotic renaissance: A new era in Helicobacter pylori treatment. Cureus, 2023. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/144015-from-antibiotic-resistance-to-antibiotic-renaissance-a-new-era-in-helicobacter-pylori-treatment
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36041]

Sitarz, R.; Skierucha, M.; Mielko, J.; Offerhaus, J.; Maciejewski, R.; Polkowski, W. Gastric cancer: Epidemiology, prevention, classification, and treatment. Cancer Manag. Res., 2018, 10, 239-248.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S149619] [PMID: 29445300]

Díaz, P.; Valderrama, M.; Bravo, J.; Quest, A.F.G. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: adaptive cellular mechanisms involved in disease progression. Front. Microbiol., 2018, 9, 5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00005] [PMID: 29403459]

Morais, S.; Costa, A.; Albuquerque, G.; Araújo, N.; Tsugane, S.; Hidaka, A.; Hamada, G.S.; Ye, W.; Plymoth, A.; Leja, M.; Gasenko, E.; Zaridze, D.; Maximovich, D.; Malekzadeh, R.; Derakhshan, M.H.; Pelucchi, C.; Negri, E.; Camargo, M.C.; Curado, M.P.; Vioque, J.; Zhang, Z.F.; La Vecchia, C.; Boffetta, P.; Lunet, N. “True” Helicobacter pylori infection and non‐cardia gastric cancer: A pooled analysis within the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project. Helicobacter, 2022, 27(3), e12883.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12883] [PMID: 35235224]

Floch, P.; Mégraud, F.; Lehours, P. Helicobacter pylori strains and gastric MALT lymphoma. Toxins, 2017, 9(4), 132.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins9040132] [PMID: 28397767]

Dong, E.; Duan, L.; Wu, B.U. Racial and ethnic minorities at increased risk for gastric cancer in a regional US population study. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2017, 15(4), 511-517.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2016.11.033] [PMID: 27939654]

Etemadi, A.; Safiri, S.; Sepanlou, S.G.; Ikuta, K.; Bisignano, C.; Shakeri, R.; Amani, M.; Fitzmaurice, C.; Nixon, M.; Abbasi, N.; Abolhassani, H.; Advani, S.M.; Afarideh, M.; Akinyemiju, T.; Alam, T.; Alikhani, M.; Alipour, V.; Allen, C.A.; Almasi-Hashiani, A.; Arabloo, J.; Assadi, R.; Atique, S.; Awasthi, A.; Bakhtiari, A.; Behzadifar, M.; Berhe, K.; Bhala, N.; Bijani, A.; Bin Sayeed, M.S.; Bjørge, T.; Borzì, A.M.; Braithwaite, D.; Brenner, H.; Carreras, G.; Carvalho, F.; Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A.; Castro, F.; Chu, D-T.; Costa, V.M.; Daryani, A.; Davitoiu, D.V.; Demoz, G.T.; Demis, A.B.; Denova-Gutiérrez, E.; Dey, S.; Dianati, N.M.; Djalalinia, S.; Emamian, M.H.; Farahmand, M.; Fernandes, J.C.; Fischer, F.; Foroutan, M.; Gad, M.M.; Gallus, S.; Gebremeskel, G.G.; Gedefew, G.A.; Ghaseni-Kebria, F.; Gorini, G.; Hafezi-Nejad, N.; Haj-Mirzaian, A.; Haro, J.M.; Harvey, J.D.; Hasanzadeh, A.; Hashemian, M.; Hassen, H.Y.; Hay, S.I.; Hidru, H.D.; Hos-tiuc, M.; Househ, M.; Ilesanmi, O.; Ilic, M.D.; Innos, K.; Islami, F.; James, S.L.; Jenabi, E.; kalhor, R.; Kamangar, F.; Kasaeian, A.; Kengne, A.P.; Khader, Y.S.; Khalilov, R.; Khan, E.A.; Khan, G.; Khayamzadeh, M.; Khazaee-Pool, M.; Khazaei, S.; Khoja, A.T.; Khosravi S., F.; Kim, Y.J.; Kocarnik, J.M.; Komaki, H.; Koyanagi, A.; Kumar, V.; La Vecchia, C.; Lopez, A.D.; Lunevicius, R.; Manafi, N.; Manda, A-L.; Geta, B.; Meheretu, H.; Mengistu, G.; Miazgowski, B.; Mir, S.M.; Mohammad, K.A.; Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N.; Mohammadian, M.; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A.; Mohammad P., R.; Mohammed, S.; Mohebi, F.; Mokdad, A.H.; Monasta, L.; Moosazadeh, M.; Moossavi, M.; Moradi, G.; Moradpour, F.; Moradzadeh, R.; Moreno Vel squez, I.; Mosapour, A.; Naderi, M.; Naik, G.; Najafi, F.; Nahvijou, A.; Negoi, I.; Nikbakhsh, R.; Nojomi, M.; Olagunju, A.T.; Olagunju, T.O.; Oren, E.; Parsian, H.; Piccinelli, C.; Pourshams, A.; Poustchi, H.; Rabiee, N.; Radfar, A.; Rafiei, A.; Rahimi, M.; Rahmati, M.; Renzaho, A.M.N.; Rezaei, N.; Ribeiro, A.I.; Roshandel, G.; Saad, A.M.; Saadatagah, S.; Salimzadeh, H.; Samy, A.M.; Sanabria, J.; Santric Milicevic, M.M.; Sarveazad, A.; Sawhney, M.; Shaahmadi, F.; Sekerija, M.; Shaikh, M.A.; Shamshirian, A.; Siddappa Malleshappa, S.K.; Singh, J.A.; Smarandache, C-G.; Soofi, M.; Tabuchi, T.; Tadesse, D.B.; Tapak, L.; Tesfay, B.E.; Traini, E.; Tran, B.; Tran, K.B.; Vacante, M.; Vahedian-Azimi, A.; Veisani, Y.; Vosoughi, K.; Vujcic, I.S.; Westerman, R.; Wondmieneh, A.B.; Xu, R.; Yaya, S.; Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V.; Yousefi, Z.; Yousefi, B.; Zahirian Moghadam, T.; Zaki, L.; Zamani, M.; Zamanian, M.; Zandian, H.; Zarghi, A.; Zhang, Z-J.; Naghavi, M.; Malekzadeh, R. The global, regional, and national burden of stomach cancer in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2020, 5(1), 42-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30328-0] [PMID: 31648970]

Huang, R.J.; Ende, A.R.; Singla, A.; Higa, J.T.; Choi, A.Y.; Lee, A.B. Prevalence, risk factors, and surveillance patterns for gastric intestinal metaplasia among patients undergoing upper endoscopy with biopsy. Gastrointest Endosc, 2020, 91(1), 70-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2019.07.038]

Katoh, H.; Ishikawa, S. Lifestyles, genetics, and future perspectives on gastric cancer in east Asian populations. J. Hum. Genet., 2021, 66(9), 887-899.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s10038-021-00960-8] [PMID: 34267306]

Lyons, K.; Le, L.C.; Pham, Y.T.H.; Borron, C.; Park, J.Y.; Tran, C.T.D.; Tran, T.V.; Tran, H.T.T.; Vu, K.T.; Do, C.D.; Pelucchi, C.; La Vecchia, C.; Zgibor, J.; Boffetta, P.; Luu, H.N. Gastric cancer: Epidemiology, biology, and prevention: A mini review. Eur. J. Cancer Prev., 2019, 28(5), 397-412.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000480] [PMID: 31386635]

Jardim, S.R.; de Souza, L.M.P.; de Souza, H.S.P. The rise of gastrointestinal cancers as a Global phenomenon: Unhealthy behavior or progress? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2023, 20(4), 3640.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043640] [PMID: 36834334]

Piscione, M.; Mazzone, M.; Di Marcantonio, M.C.; Muraro, R.; Mincione, G. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: A controversial relationship. Front. Microbiol., 2021, 12, 630852.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.630852] [PMID: 33613500]

Braga, L.L.B.C.; Batista, M.H.R.; de Azevedo, O.G.R.; da Silva Costa, K.C.; Gomes, A.D.; Rocha, G.A.; Queiroz, D.M.M. oipA “on” status of Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastric cancer in North-Eastern Brazil. BMC Cancer, 2019, 19(1), 48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-5249-x] [PMID: 30630444]

Xin, P.; Xu, X.; Deng, C.; Liu, S.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, X.; Ma, H.; Wei, D.; Sun, S. The role of JAK/STAT signaling pathway and its inhibitors in diseases. Int. Immunopharmacol., 2020, 80, 106210.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106210] [PMID: 31972425]

Ismael, AB.; Mergani, A.; Salim, A.; Mostafa, S.; Alkafaween, I. Interferon- γ receptor-1 gene promoter polymorphisms and susceptibility for brucellosis in Makkah region. Afr. Health Sci., 2018, 18(4), 1157-1165.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i4.36] [PMID: 30766581]

Owen, K.L.; Brockwell, N.K.; Parker, B.S. JAK-STAT signaling: A double-edged sword of immune regulation and cancer progression. Cancers (Basel), 2019, 11(12), 2002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11122002] [PMID: 31842362]

Xia, R.; Zhang, B.; Wang, X.; Jia, Q. Pathogenic interactions between Helicobacter pylori adhesion protein HopQ and human cell surface adhesion molecules CEACAMs in gastric epithelial cells. Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci., 2019, 22(7), 710-715.
[PMID: 32373290]

Alipour, M. Molecular Mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. J. Gastrointest. Cancer, 2021, 52(1), 23-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12029-020-00518-5] [PMID: 32926335]

Shabgah, A.G.; Mohammadi, H.; Goleij, P.; Hedayati-Moghadam, M.; Salmaninejad, A.; Navashenaq, J.G. The role of non-coding genome in cancer-associated fibroblasts; stateof- the-art and perspectives in cancer targeted therapy. Curr. Drug Targets, 2021, 22(13), 1524-1535.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450122666210216091953] [PMID: 33593257]

Donnelly, J.M.; Engevik, A.C.; Engevik, M.; Schumacher, M.A.; Xiao, C.; Yang, L.; Worrell, R.T.; Zavros, Y. Gastritis promotes an activated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell with a phenotype reminiscent of a cancer-promoting cell. Dig. Dis. Sci., 2014, 59(3), 569-582.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-013-2927-z] [PMID: 24202649]

Krzysiek-Maczka, G.; Targosz, A.; Szczyrk, U.; Strzałka, M.; Sliwowski, Z.; Brzozowski, T.; Czyz, J.; Ptak-Belowska, A. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in cancer‐associated fibroblast‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in vitro. Helicobacter, 2018, 23(6), e12538.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12538] [PMID: 30246423]

Che, Y.; Geng, B.; Xu, Y.; Miao, X.; Chen, L.; Mu, X.; Pan, J.; Zhang, C.; Zhao, T.; Wang, C.; Li, X.; Wen, H.; Liu, Z.; You, Q. Helicobacter pylori -induced exosomal MET educates tumour-associated macrophages to promote gastric cancer progression. J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2018, 22(11), 5708-5719.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.13847] [PMID: 30160350]

Krzysiek-Maczka, G.; Targosz, A.; Ptak-Belowska, A.; Korbut, E.; Szczyrk, U.; Strzalka, M.; Brzozowski, T. Molecular alterations in fibroblasts exposed to Helicobacter pylori: A missing link in bacterial inflammation progressing into gastric carcinogenesis? J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2013, 64(1), 77-87.
[PMID: 23568974]

Shen, J.; Zhai, J.; You, Q.; Zhang, G.; He, M.; Yao, X.; Shen, L. Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived VCAM1 induced by H. pylori infection facilitates tumor invasion in gastric cancer. Oncogene, 2020, 39(14), 2961-2974, e00261.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-020-1197-4] [PMID: 32034307]

Altobelli, A.; Bauer, M.; Velez, K.; Cover, T.L.; Müller, A. Helicobacter pylori VacA targets myeloid cells in the gastric lamina propria to promote peripherally induced regulatory T-Cell differentiation and persistent infection. mBio, 2019, 10(2), e00261.

Navashenaq, J.G.; Shabgah, A.G.; Banach, M.; Jamialahmadi, T.; Penson, P.E.; Johnston, T.P.; Sahebkar, A. The interaction of Helicobacter pylori with cancer immunomodulatory stromal cells: New insight into gastric cancer pathogenesis. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2022, 86(Pt 3), 951-959.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.09.014] [PMID: 34600095]

Diril, M.K.; Ratnacaram, C.K.; Padmakumar, V.C.; Du, T.; Wasser, M.; Coppola, V.; Tessarollo, L.; Kaldis, P. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) is essential for cell division and suppression of DNA re-replication but not for liver regeneration. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2012, 109(10), 3826-3831.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115201109] [PMID: 22355113]

Tong, Y.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zeng, X.; Yan, M.; Xia, Z.; Lai, D. DPP3/CDK1 contributes to the progression of colorectal cancer through regulating cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell migration. Cell Death Dis., 2021, 12(6), 529.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03796-4] [PMID: 34023852]

Luo, Y.; Wu, Y.; Peng, Y.; Liu, X.; Bie, J.; Li, S. Systematic analysis to identify a key role of CDK1 in mediating gene interaction networks in cervical cancer development. Irish. J. Med. Sci., 2016, 185(1), 231-9.

Yang, W.; Cho, H.; Shin, H.Y.; Chung, J.Y.; Kang, E.S. Accumulation of cytoplasmic Cdk1 is associated with cancer growth and survival rate in epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(31), 49481-97.

Wu, C.X.; Wang, X.Q.; Chok, S.H.; Man, K.; Tsang, S.H.Y.; Chan, A.C.Y.; Ma, K.W.; Xia, W.; Cheung, T.T. Blocking CDK1/PDK1/β-Catenin signaling by CDK1 inhibitor RO3306 increased the efficacy of sorafenib treatment by targeting cancer stem cells in a preclinical model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics, 2018, 8(14), 3737-3750.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.25487] [PMID: 30083256]

Huang, J.; Chen, P.; Liu, K.; Liu, J.; Zhou, B.; Wu, R.; Peng, Q.; Liu, Z.X.; Li, C.; Kroemer, G.; Lotze, M.; Zeh, H.; Kang, R.; Tang, D. CDK1/2/5 inhibition overcomes IFNG-mediated adaptive immune resistance in pancreatic cancer. Gut, 2021, 70(5), 890-899.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320441] [PMID: 32816920]

Peng, C.; Ouyang, Y.; Lu, N.; Li, N. The NF-κB signaling pathway, the microbiota, and gastrointestinal tumorigenesis: Recent advances. Front. Immunol., 2020, 11, 1387.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01387]

Zhu, S.; Al-Mathkour, M.; Cao, L.; Khalafi, S.; Chen, Z.; Poveda, J.; Peng, D.; Lu, H.; Soutto, M.; Hu, T.; McDonald, O.G.; Zaika, A.; El-Rifai, W. CDK1 bridges NF-κB and β-catenin signaling in response to H. pylori infection in gastric tumorigenesis. Cell Rep., 2023, 42(1), 112005.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112005] [PMID: 36681899]

Rosenbauer, J.; Zhang, C.; Mattes, B.; Reinartz, I.; Wedgwood, K.; Schindler, S. Modeling of Wnt-mediated tissue patterning in vertebrate embryogenesis. PLoS Comput. Biol., 2020, 16(6), e1007417.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007417]

Koushyar, S.; Powell, A.G.; Vincan, E.; Phesse, T.J. Targeting Wnt signaling for the treatment of gastric cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020, 21(11), 3927.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113927] [PMID: 32486243]

Yu, F.; Yu, C.; Li, F.; Zuo, Y.; Wang, Y.; Yao, L.; Wu, C.; Wang, C.; Ye, L. Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancers and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct. Target. Ther., 2021, 6(1), 307.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00701-5] [PMID: 34456337]

Zhan, T.; Rindtorff, N.; Boutros, M. Wnt signaling in cancer. Oncogene, 2017, 36(11), 1461-1473.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2016.304] [PMID: 27617575]

Wang, X.Q.; Lo, C.M.; Chen, L.; Ngan, E.S.W.; Xu, A.; Poon, R.Y.C. CDK1-PDK1-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway regulates embryonic and induced pluripotency. Cell Death Differ., 2017, 24(1), 38-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2016.84] [PMID: 27636107]

Wu, D.; Pan, W. GSK3: a multifaceted kinase in Wnt signaling. Trends Biochem. Sci., 2010, 35(3), 161-168.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2009.10.002] [PMID: 19884009]

Grillone, K.; Riillo, C.; Scionti, F.; Rocca, R.; Tradigo, G.; Guzzi, P.H.; Alcaro, S.; Di Martino, M.T.; Tagliaferri, P.; Tassone, P. Non-coding RNAs in cancer: Platforms and strategies for investigating the genomic “dark matter”. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 2020, 39(1), 117.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01622-x] [PMID: 32563270]

Wei, L.; Sun, J.; Zhang, N.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, X.; Lv, L.; Liu, J.; Xu, Y.; Shen, Y.; Yang, M. Noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: Implications for drug resistance. Mol. Cancer, 2020, 19(1), 62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-020-01185-7] [PMID: 32192494]

Anastasiadou, E.; Jacob, L.S.; Slack, F.J. Non-coding RNA networks in cancer. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2018, 18(1), 5-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc.2017.99] [PMID: 29170536]

Preethi, K.A.; Selvakumar, S.C.; Ross, K.; Jayaraman, S.; Tusubira, D.; Sekar, D. Liquid biopsy: Exosomal microRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer. Mol. Cancer, 2022, 21(1), 54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01525-9] [PMID: 35172817]

Banerjee, S.; Thompson, W.E.; Chowdhury, I. Emerging roles of microRNAs in the regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-signaling. Front. Biosci., 2021, 26(4), 771-796.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/4917] [PMID: 33049693]

Wang, C.; Hu, Y.; Yang, H.; Wang, S.; Zhou, B.; Bao, Y.; Huang, Y.; Luo, Q.; Yang, C.; Xie, X.; Yang, S. Function of non-coding rna in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer. Front. Mol. Biosci., 2021, 8, 649105.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.649105] [PMID: 34046430]

Săsăran, M.O.; Meliț, L.E.; Dobru, E.D. MicroRNA modulation of host immune response and inflammation triggered by Helicobacter pylori. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(3), 1406.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031406] [PMID: 33573346]

Wu, Ye-feng; Xu, Q.; He, C-y; Liu, J-w; Deng, N.; Sun, L-p; Yuan, Y. Association of polymorphisms in three pri-miRNAs that target pepsinogen C with the risk and prognosis of gastric cancer. Sci. Rep., 2017, 7(1), 39528.

Ou, Y.; Ren, H.; Zhao, R.; Song, L.; Liu, Z.; Xu, W.; Liu, Y.; Wang, S. Helicobacter pylori CagA promotes the malignant transformation of gastric mucosal epithelial cells through the dysregulation of the miR‐155/KLF4 signaling pathway. Mol. Carcinog., 2019, 58(8), 1427-1437.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mc.23025] [PMID: 31162747]

Cortés-Márquez, A.C.; Mendoza-Elizalde, S.; Arenas-Huertero, F.; Trillo-Tinoco, J.; Valencia-Mayoral, P.; Consuelo-Sánchez, A.; Zarate-Franco, J.; Dionicio-Avendaño, A.R.; Herrera-Esquivel, J.J.; Recinos-Carrera, E.G.; Colín-Valverde, C.; Rivera-Gutiérrez, S.; Reyes-López, A.; Vigueras-Galindo, J.C.; Velázquez-Guadarrama, N. Differential expression of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 in gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori infection in paediatric patients, adults, and an animal model. BMC Infect. Dis., 2018, 18(1), 463.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3368-2] [PMID: 30219037]

Choi, J.M.; Kim, S.G.; Yang, H.J.; Lim, J.H.; Cho, N.Y.; Kim, W.H.; Kim, J.S.; Jung, H.C. Helicobacter pylori eradication can reverse the methylation-associated regulation of miR-200a/b in gastric carcinogenesis. Gut Liver, 2020, 14(5), 571-580.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl19299] [PMID: 31887809]

Tahara, T.; Tahara, S.; Horiguchi, N.; Kawamura, T.; Okubo, M.; Nagasaka, M.; Nakagawa, Y.; Shibata, T.; Urano, M.; Tsukamoto, T.; Kuroda, M.; Ohmiya, N. Gastric mucosal microarchitectures associated with irreversibility with Helicobacter pylori eradication and down-regulation of micro RNA (miR)-124a. Cancer Invest., 2019, 37(9), 417-426.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2019.1663207] [PMID: 31483161]

Zhang, X.; Yao, J.; Guo, K.; Huang, H.; Huai, S.; Ye, R.; Niu, B.; Ji, T.; Han, W.; Li, J. The functional mechanism of miR-125b in gastric cancer and its effect on the chemosensitivity of cisplatin. Oncotarget, 2018, 9(2), 2105-2119.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.23249] [PMID: 29416757]

Zhang, Z.; Li, Z.; Gao, C.; Chen, P.; Chen, J.; Liu, W.; Xiao, S.; Lu, H. miR-21 plays a pivotal role in gastric cancer pathogenesis and progression. Lab. Invest., 2008, 88(12), 1358-1366.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2008.94] [PMID: 18794849]

Yang, F.; Xu, Y.; Liu, C.; Ma, C.; Zou, S.; Xu, X.; Jia, J.; Liu, Z. NF-κB/miR-223-3p/ARID1A axis is involved in Helicobacter pylori CagA-induced gastric carcinogenesis and progression. Cell Death Dis., 2018, 9(1), 12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41419-017-0020-9] [PMID: 29317648]

Tan, X.; Tang, H.; Bi, J.; Li, N.; Jia, Y. MicroRNA‐222‐3p associated with Helicobacter pylori targets HIPK2 to promote cell proliferation, invasion, and inhibits apoptosis in gastric cancer. J. Cell. Biochem., 2018, 119(7), 5153-5162.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26542] [PMID: 29227536]

Huang, L.; Wang, Z.; Pan, D. Penicillin-binding protein 1A mutation positive Helicobacter pylori promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer via the suppression of microRNA 134. Int. J. Oncol., 2019, 54(3), 916-928.

Xu, X-c.; Zhang, W-b.; Li, C-x.; Gao, H.; Pei, Q.; Cao, B-w.; He, Th. Up-regulation of MiR-1915 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration of Helicobacter pylori -infected gastric cancer cells via targeting RAGE. Yonsei Med. J., 2019, 60(1), 38.

Gilani, N.; Arabi, B.R.; Aftabi, Y.; Faramarzi, E.; Edgünlü, T.; Somi, M.H. Identifying potential miRNA biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis using machine learning variable selection approach. Front. Genet., 2022, 12, 779455.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.779455] [PMID: 35082831]