Title:Electrochemical Detection of Sulfadiazine by Sensors based on Chemically
Modified Carbon Electrodes: A Review
Volume: 23
Issue: 15
Author(s): Khalid Ait Ben Brahim, Mohamed Bendany, Youssra El Hamdouni, Khaoula Abbi, Chaymae Bakkouche, Hatim Fattoumi, Lina Hermouche, Najoua Labjar*, Mohamed Dalimi and Souad El Hajjaji
Affiliation:
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy Modelling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, CERNE2D, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
Keywords:
Sulfonamides, Sulfadiazine, Electrochemical modified electrode, Folic acid, Sulfasalazine, Sulfacetamide.
Abstract:
The consumption of medicines (usually pharmaceuticals and chemical health products)
has increased in recent decades due to the demand for medicines for various diseases (headache,
relapsing fever, dental absence, streptococcal infection, bronchitis, ear and eye infections). Instead,
their overuse can lead to serious environmental damage. Sulfadiazine is one of the most often used
antimicrobial medications for both human and veterinary therapy, yet its presence in the
environment, even in low quantities, offers a potential concern as an emergency pollutant. It is vital
to have a monitoring that's quick, selective, sensitive, stable, reversible, reproducible, and easy to
use. Electrochemical techniques realizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry
(DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV), using a modified electrode based on carbon as a
surface modifier are an excellent option that makes control simple and quick owing to their cheap
cost and convenience of use, while also safeguarding human health from drug residue buildup.
This study discusses different chemically modified carbon-based electrodes such as graphene paste,
screen printed electrode, glassy carbon, and boron diamond doped electrodes for SDZ (sulfadiazine)
detection in various formulation feeds, pharmaceuticals, milk, and urine samples, the results
obtained also show high sensitivity and selectivity with lower detection limits compared to matrix
studies, which may explain its use in trace detection. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the sensors is
assessed by other parameters including buffer solution, scan rate, and pH. Also, a method for real
sample preparation was also discussed in addition to the different methods mentioned.
