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Current Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

Review Article

Research Progress in the Clinical Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Author(s): Jing-Yan Ai, Peng-Cheng Zhao, Wen Zhang and Guo-Wu Rao*

Volume 31, Issue 9, 2024

Published on: 31 March, 2023

Page: [1082 - 1106] Pages: 25

DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230202111849

Price: $65

Abstract

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant inheritable disease with severe disorders of lipid metabolism. It is mainly marked by increasing levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), xanthoma, corneal arch, and early-onset coronary heart disease (CHD). The prevalence of FH is high, and it is dangerous and clinically underdiagnosed. The clinical treatment for FH includes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, of which non-pharmacological treatment mainly includes therapeutic lifestyle change and dietary therapy, LDL apheresis, liver transplantation and gene therapy. In recent years, many novel drugs have been developed to treat FH more effectively. In addition, the continuous maturity of non-pharmacological treatment techniques has also brought more hope for the treatment of FH. This paper analyzes the pathogenic mechanism and the progress in clinical treatment of FH. Furthermore, it also summarizes the mechanism and structure-activity relationship of FH therapeutic drugs that have been marketed. In a word, this article provides a reference value for the research and development of FH therapeutic drugs.

Keywords: Familial hypercholesterolemia, medication, therapeutic lifestyle change, dietary therapy, LDL apheresis, liver transplantation, gene therapy.

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