Title:Histone Modifications and their Role in Epigenetics of Cancer
Volume: 29
Issue: 14
关键词:
癌症,表观遗传学,常染色质,异染色质,磷酸化,核糖基化。
摘要: Epigenetic regulations play a crucial role in the expression of various genes
that are important in the normal cell function. Any alteration in these epigenetic mechanisms
can lead to the modification of histone and DNA, resulting in the silencing or enhanced
expression of some genes causing various diseases. Acetylation, methylation, ribosylation,
or phosphorylation of histone proteins modifies its interaction with the DNA,
consequently changing the ratio of heterochromatin and euchromatin. Terminal lysine residues
of histone proteins serve as potential targets of such epigenetic modifications. The
current review focuses on the histone modifications, and their contributing factors; the
role of these modifications on metabolism leads to cancer, and methylation of histone in
cancer affects the DNA repair mechanisms.