Title:The Exosomes: Staring Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Strategies
Volume: 27
Issue: 35
Author(s): Farzad Koosha, Niloufar Alimohammadi and Mahmoud Rafeian-Kopaei*
Affiliation:
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord,Iran
Keywords:
Biomarker, cardiovascular disease, circulating micro-RNA, EV, micro RNA, nanoparticle, stem cell therapy, troponin, acute myocardial
disease.
Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs, formerly known as exosomes) are small, extracellular membrane-bound
particles that play a role in cellular communication via transporting different cargos, including proteins, DNAs,
RNAs, etc. Their role has been shown in different endocrine/paracrine signaling in different organs, such as the
cardiovascular system. Currently, mortality and morbidity rates caused by cardiovascular disease (CVD) have
become an important issue among healthcare systems all over the world. EVs great potentials for clinical diagnosis
and treatment offer a bright future in assessing different types of CVDs. In this review, we have summarized
the variable roles of these nano-sized biological membrane-enclosed vesicles in myocardial injury, repair,
and regeneration. We have also reviewed the value of EVs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiology
medicine and emphasized the promising capabilities of EVs as natural drug-delivery vehicles as a novel
targeting treatment.
