Title:Current and Future Scenario of Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Author(s): Shvetank Bhatt*, Jovita Kanoujia, Arghya K. Dhar, Rakesh K. Singh and Jayaraman Rajangam
Affiliation:
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior-474005,India
Keywords:
HCC, PD-1 inhibitors, CTLA-4 inhibitors, GITR, LAG-3, sorafenib, TACE.
Abstract: The discovery of the immune checkpoint inhibitors such as programed cell death-1 protein/
Programmed death ligand-1 or 2 and (PD-1/PD-L1 or PD-L2) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated
protein 4 (CTLA-4) paved the way for developing novel cancer treatment. The check
point inhibitors are found to be very efficient in treating many hot tumors (with immune environment)
such as bladder cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC), etc. Numerous clinical trials have been initiated to evaluate the safety and effectiveness
of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with different cancer types, including hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic and prostate cancer. The results and findings of these trials are highly
appreciated. However, the search for check point inhibitors with better efficacy for the treatment of
HCC is still going on. The present review focuses on advancement in HCC treatments with respect
to various standard therapies and immunotherapy.
