Title:The Impact of Various Blood Pressure Measurements on Cardiovascular Outcomes
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Author(s): Constantinos Bakogiannis, Konstantinos Stavropoulos, Christodoulos Papadopoulos and Vasilios Papademetriou*
Affiliation:
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20422,United States
Keywords:
Hypertension, cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular disease, 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, home blood
pressure, central blood pressure.
Abstract: Hypertension is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. High blood
pressure (BP) correlates closely with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Although the gold standard
remains office BP (auscultatory or automated), other methods (central or out-of-office) are gaining
popularity as better predictors of CV events. In this review, we investigated the prognostic value of each
method of BP measurement and explored their advantages and pitfalls. Unattended automated office BP
is a novel technique of BP measurement with promising data. Ambulatory BP monitoring, and to a
lesser extent, home BP measurements, seem to predict cardiovascular events and mortality outcomes
better, while at the same time, they can help distinguish hypertensive phenotypes. Data on the association
of central BP levels with cardiovascular and mortality outcomes, are conflicting. Future extensive
cross-sectional and longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate head-to-head the corresponding levels
and results of each method of BP measurement, as well as to highlight disparities in their prognostic
utility.
